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The importance of place—as a unique spatial identity—has been recognized since antiquity. Ancient references to the ‘genius loci', or spirit of place, evoked not only the location of a distinct atmosphere or environment, but also the protection of this location, and implicitly, its making and construction. This volume examines the concept of place as it relates to architectural production and building knowledge in early modern Europe (1400-1800). The places explored in the book's ten essays take various forms, from an individual dwelling to a cohesive urban development to an extensive political territory. Within the scope of each study, the authors draw on primary source documents and original research to demonstrate the distinctive features of a given architectural place, and how these are related to a geographic location, social circumstances, and the contributions of individual practitioners. The essays underscore the distinct techniques, practices and organizational structures by which physical places were made in the early modern period.
Architecture --- architectural drawings [visual works] --- space utilization --- space [composition concept] --- anno 1500-1799 --- Europe --- Environmental aspects --- History --- Works before 1800.
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Dagomar Degroot offers the first detailed analysis of how a society thrived amid the Little Ice Age, a period of climatic cooling that reached its chilliest point between the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries. The precocious economy, unusual environment, and dynamic intellectual culture of the Dutch Republic in its seventeenth-century Golden Age allowed it to thrive as neighboring societies unraveled in the face of extremes in temperature and precipitation. By tracing the occasionally counterintuitive manifestations of climate change from global to local scales, Degroot finds that the Little Ice Age presented not only challenges for Dutch citizens but also opportunities that they aggressively exploited in conducting commerce, waging war, and creating culture. The overall success of their Republic in coping with climate change offers lessons that we would be wise to heed today, as we confront the growing crisis of global warming.
History of the Netherlands --- anno 1500-1799 --- Climatic changes --- Changes, Climatic --- Climate change --- Climate changes --- Climate variations --- Climatic change --- Climatic fluctuations --- Climatic variations --- Global climate changes --- Global climatic changes --- History --- Environmental aspects --- Netherlands --- climate --- Climatology --- Climate change mitigation --- Teleconnections (Climatology) --- Changes in climate --- Climate change science --- Climate --- Climatic changes - Netherlands --- Netherlands - Climate - History - 17th century --- Netherlands - History - Eighty Years' War, 1568-1648 --- Netherlands - History - 1648-1714 --- Global environmental change
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